Olweus's categorization of school bullying as a form of abuse of power and a violation of human rights provided the foundational groundwork and critical driving force for exploring and addressing the issue effectively. This review argues that scrutinizing abuses of power is vital, not only within school environments, but also within the entirety of human relationships and societal structures.

Cyberbullying, occurring in numerous settings, has a detrimental effect on US youth, adolescents, and adults. Academic research concerning cyberbullying frequently highlights the issue's prevalence among K-12 students. Though some academic work explores cyberbullying targeting adults, there exists a limited body of research focusing on cyberbullying specifically within the adult higher education community. A substantial number of studies on cyberbullying in higher education systems predominantly concentrate on incidents of cyberbullying between college-aged students. The focus on student cyberbullying in higher education often overshadows the struggles of faculty, who, like students, can be targets of online harassment by students, colleagues, or administrators, which warrants further investigation. Academic research addressing cyberbullying directed at faculty members during the COVID-19 pandemic is notably scarce. This study, employing qualitative methods, aims to fill this knowledge gap by examining the personal experiences of faculty members affected by cyberbullying. With disempowerment theory as their guiding theoretical lens, researchers collected data from a diverse group of 25 university professors nationwide who had personally experienced online harassment. An examination of faculty interview data, focusing on shared experiences and overarching themes of cyberbullying in the academic setting during the COVID-19 pandemic, is presented in this study. Thematic analysis was supported by the research team's application of disempowerment theory. optical fiber biosensor Beyond that, the article at hand proposes potential solutions intended to assist faculty members with their navigation of virtual learning environments. Institutions of higher learning seeking to counteract campus cyberbullying through research-based strategies will find the study's findings exceptionally practical for faculty, administrators, and stakeholders.

In the international sphere, how do the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and their associated institutional configurations influence fossil fuel subsidy policies and their reformation? This brief look examines this. It proposes that, whilst some progress has been made, notably in formulating a methodology for defining and assessing fossil fuel subsidies, countries have not significantly acted upon this through indicator reporting and their Voluntary National Reviews. In spite of this, the SDGs can unveil the multifaceted sustainable development considerations surrounding fossil fuel subsidies, supporting ongoing initiatives for transparency and thus contributing to national-level reform efforts.

This study investigates the factors hindering the implementation of domestic environmental policies aimed at controlling transboundary air pollution, examining the contrasting experiences of South Korea and Singapore. In Korea and Singapore, heavy smog continues to reoccur annually, despite efforts to reduce air pollution through international cooperation and domestic policy. While the existing body of research has investigated intergovernmental cooperation in addressing transboundary air pollution, this study concentrates on the domestic elements impacting policy implementation procedures at the national level. In the cases of Korea and Singapore, how do domestic influences affect governmental policy responses to environmental cooperation agreements? Applying a process-tracing approach, I examined the intricate interplay of domestic stakeholders within the period encompassing the late 1990s and concluding in 2019. Domestic political theory indicates that domestic conditions, intricately linked to the influence of other stakeholders, have restricted the success of policies addressing poor air quality. Establishing enduring regional environmental partnerships depends heavily on domestic political factors, as this observation indicates.

Glaucoma, if left untreated, stands as a leading global cause of irreversible blindness. Sufficient information and encouragement from the practitioner, in conjunction with the characteristics of the medication, collectively determine the multifaceted nature of satisfaction. In order to encourage unwavering patient participation in their long-term medical care, evaluating their contentment is essential.
Analyzing patient satisfaction levels with anti-glaucoma eyedrops, and correlated factors among glaucoma patients at the Gondar University Tertiary Eye Care and Training Center in Northwest Ethiopia.
During the period from June 30, 2021, to August 27, 2021, a cross-sectional study of glaucoma patients was conducted at the Gondar University Tertiary Eye Care and Training Center, a hospital-based facility. The study involved 395 patients. Cyclosporin A nmr Utilizing Epi Info version 7, data was entered and subsequently transferred to SPSS version 26 software for the purpose of analysis. The study determined factors linked to satisfaction with topical anti-glaucoma medications by employing a binary logistic regression model. The analysis considered results statistically significant if the p-value fell below 0.05.
395 study subjects participated in the study, a response rate of 9338%. Topical anti-glaucoma medication elicited a level of satisfaction quantified at 625%, encompassing a confidence interval of 575% to 678%. The absence of ocular side effects (AOR=539, 95% CI 235-1237) and the absence of ocular surface diseases (AOR=412, 95% CI 169-1009) demonstrably correlated positively with patient satisfaction.
A substantial majority of the study participants reported satisfaction with the topical anti-glaucoma medications provided. A noteworthy relationship was observed between the absence of ocular side effects and the absence of ocular surface diseases and patient satisfaction with anti-glaucoma medication.
A substantial portion of the study participants reported being content with the topical anti-glaucoma treatments. The absence of ocular surface diseases and ocular side effects demonstrated a strong relationship with patient contentment regarding anti-glaucoma medication.

Lesbians, gay men, bisexuals, transgender people, and those who identify as queer, as part of the LGBTQ+ community, face unique stressors stemming from their sexual and gender identities, ultimately leading to negative impacts on their mental health. Nonetheless, the experiences of these minority stressors among the LGBTQ+ community in Spain have not been researched previously. migraine medication The scarcity of Spanish-language, standardized tools for measuring minority stressors poses a challenge to researching these experiences among Spanish speakers. This study sought to understand the factor structure of the Daily Heterosexist Experiences Questionnaire (DHEQ) within a sample of Spanish LGBTQ+ adults, contrasting the burden of minority stressors across diverse sexual orientations and gender identities, and investigating the association between daily heterosexist experiences and symptoms of depression and suicidal thoughts. Among the study participants were 509 LGBTQ+ identifying adults, aged between 18 and 60 years. The confirmatory factor analysis indicated a satisfactory model fit for the six dimensions assessed by the DHEQ scale. Amongst those who self-identified as transgender or reported minority sexual orientations (e.g., asexual or pansexual), a higher level of exposure to heterosexist experiences was noted. In addition, those who reported more heterosexist experiences also displayed more pronounced depressive symptoms and suicidal behaviors. Minority stressors in Spanish-speaking LGBTQ+ adults are examined using the novel tool presented in this study. Assessing minority stressors is instrumental in determining risk and protective factors for LGBTQ+ adults undergoing treatment.

The phenomenon of intimate partner violence against women (IPVAW), and its extreme counterpart, intimate partner homicide against women (IPHAW), are complex and multi-layered. This research sought to delineate typologies of Spanish victims of IPHAW and IPVAW, focusing on variations in their traits and the elements driving aggressive behavior. The Spanish Integral Monitoring System in Cases of Gender Violence supplied the sample, which encompassed 381 cases. A semi-structured interview, the instrument of choice, was employed. Results from the study pointed to differences between IPHAW and IPVAW victims, with latent class analysis identifying a three-profile solution: 1. Fatal victims exhibited low neuroticism, low feelings of isolation, and loneliness, characterized by reduced reconciliation attempts with the aggressor, a lower perception of risk, and low suicidal ideation; 2. Non-fatal victims experienced the loss of a loved one and the stress of the caregiver role, along with low psychoticism and alcohol abuse, yet high levels of loneliness, risk perception, and suicidal ideation; 3. The mixed profile displayed elevated neuroticism and psychoticism, alcohol abuse, isolation, and increased reconciliation with the aggressor, lacking the stressors of bereavement and the caregiver role. Distinguishing the characteristics of IPHAW and IPVAW victims empowers the creation of more specific tools for risk assessment and more customized prevention and treatment programs. Identifying victims and implementing more robust protection measures is also facilitated by this.

To improve psychosocial needs identification and navigation in the outpatient gynaecologic and paediatric context, KID-PROTEKT is a child-centred psychosocial healthcare intervention. We investigated, in a cluster-randomized controlled trial, the impact of KID-PROTEKT on referrals to support services, evaluating its effect relative to normal gynaecologic and paediatric outpatient health care. Comparing the standard healthcare approach (treatment as usual, TAU) to a variation emphasizing healthcare provider qualifications (qualified treatment, QT) and another variant including social workers (supported treatment, ST).